50c – Rock Painting, Kondoa, Tanzania
1,30 – Clay Head Found at Luzira, Uganda
2,50 – Proconsul Skull, Rusinga Island, Kenya
Scott: 176/179.
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Girafas na Arte Austral – Quênia
Em Koobi Fora é comum fósseis da família dos girafídeos...
O Museu Nacional do Quênia possui uma cabeça fóssil de Giraffa camelopardalis encontrada em Olduvai Gorge que data, aproximadamente, de 1,5 milhão de anos atrás, isto é, da época do Pleistoceno.
Olorgesailie está localizado on the floor of the Eastern Rift Valley some 40 miles (64 km), sudoeste de Nairóbi. Sua localização exata é 1°35°S, 36° 26°E. Historical Background Olorgesailie area is in a lake basin that existed during the latter part of the middle Pleistocene period, provavelmente entre 200.000 e 100.000 anos atrás. Investigations on the site started in 1942; the researchers being Dr. and Mrs. Leakey. It has important evidence that concerns the habits and activities of early prehistoric peoples of the Acheuleus or ‘Hand axe’ culture. Olorgesailie has excellently preserved biological and cultural evidence about the evolution of man. This was made possible by heavy falls of alkaline volcanic ash from the volcano activities around the site. Subsequent earth movements made the stratigraphy and fossils available for study. Around the site stand Mt. Suswa and Mt. Longonot which are volcanic in origin, the vents of which might have contributed much to the ash which accumulated in the Olorgesailie basin. There is evidence of humid climate during part of the middle Pleistocene that is given by temporary lakes and swamps that exist in the area today. The sediments left by the lake cover an area of 50sq miles (about 80km2) in extent. Human tools are the most prominent of all fossils in the area. The accumulation of tool represents the actual camping places of early men. There is good evidence that human species had a tropical origin. A higher primate group was confined to this part of the world.
The continent of Africa had the greatest populations of evolving hominids to which Olorgesailie gives evidence not only of local importance but also of international significance. Scientifically, the site has much to do with archaeological, Palaeontological and geological meaning. There are ‘Bandas’ for night accommodation of visitors to the site. Each ‘Banda’ goes for Kshs.400 per Banda per night. This Acheulian site is located about 90 kilometres south-west of Nairobi on the road to Magadi. The drive all the way to Magadi is characterised by beautiful panoramic views leading up to the shoulder of the Ngong Hills and descending onto the floor of the Rift Valley.
The site of Olorgesailie, donated to the Kenyan Government by the Maasai community, covers an area of 52 acres. First discovered by Mary Leakey in 1942, this site was excavated continuously entre 1942 e 1947. The area continues to be under investigation to this date, with a team from the Smithsonian Institution, USA, making annual surveys and excavations. Olorgesailie is the largest of the National Museums' prehistoric sites, and is characterised by in situ displays of prehistoric materials, including numerous hand axes and fossilised skeletons of extinct species of elephant and a hippopotamus. The small but excellent site museum at Olorgesailie was recently renovated, and holds exhibits on human evolution, stone tools, and site formation. A raised wooden catwalk has been built around an impressive in situ display of stone tools and animal fossils, all dating from 1.2 million years ago.
Abaixo, um dos selos de uma série de 4 valores, emitido por KUT em 1967, que mostra o crânio do Proconsul africanus, com cerca 18 milhões de anos. Os outros selos mostram: pintura rupestre com elefante. Emissão de KUT e do Quênia (mais abaixo), ambos selos mostram o Dryopithecus Proconsul africanus, encontrado no Lago Vitória, localizado na divisa entre 3 países do leste africano: Quênia, Tanzânia e Uganda.
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30c – Pillar Tomb, East African Coast 50c – Rock Painting, Kondoa, Tanzania 1,30 – Clay Head Found at Luzira, Uganda 2,50 – Proconsul Skull, Rusinga Island, Kenya Scott: 176/179. |
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Koobi Fora the fossil rich area on the east side of Lake Turkana is the focus of a small exhibit at the base of the staircase. Small wall cases illustrate both the general geological history associated with the fluctuations in Lake Turkana, and the discovery of the archaeological site itself. A large mural depicts the area as it may have looked 1.88 million years ago. Skulls of extinct animals along with replicas of hominid skulls found in the area and a note about the present climate and human occupants of the area complete this display.
All examples of hominid fossils are fibreglass replicas made by the Museum's Casting Department which creates such copies for other museums throughout the world as well as interested individuals who may wish to purchase a copy of a specific skull. The original specimens are not exhibited, but carefully protected and used only for research. Koobi Fora Lying on the eastern shore of Lake Turkana, Koobi Fora is one of the worlds leading prehistoric sites for the study of the evolution of man.
In 1972 the area was gazetted as the Sibiloi National Park. The region is virtually uninhabited except for infrequent visits by nomadic groups such as the Gabbra; wildlife species such as oryx, gerenuk, Grevy's zebra and Somali ostrich can also be seen at times. A unique wealth of prehistoric remains is found in an area approximately 90 km by 30 km extending from Ileret in the north to just south of Allia Bay. This site was first explored by a team from the National Museums of Kenya led by Dr. Richard Leakey. Many very important fossils have been recovered, including a skull of Homo habilis (KNM-ER 1470), one of the earliest recognised species of the genus Homo. Since the mid 1970s this area has been the focus of an international Koobi Fora Field School programme in Palaeo-anthropology, now run jointly by Rutgers University and the National Museums of Kenya. There are also camping facilities which can be booked through NMK headquarters in Nairobi.
This site is situated near Lake Turkana (East of the Lake) which is located in the Rift Valley province in Kenya. It lies (36° 13"N), (3° 55"E) in sheet NA - 37-1. From Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya to Koobi Fora is about 746 km by road. Historical Background In the language of the Gabbra people who live near the site, the term Koobi Fora means a place of the commiphora and the source of myrrh, which is a common plant in this hot and arid area. Research work on the site began in 1968. Hominid fossils from the Plio/Pleistocene of Eastern Africa have been recovered from seven localities of which the most extensive is that of East of Lake Turkana.
This Koobi Fora site comprises approximately 700 square miles of fluvial and lacustine sediments representing a broadly continuous sequence of deposition from the Pliocene (5.0 million) to the Early Pleistocene (1.0 million) years old. Since June 1968, more than 70 hominid fossils had been recovered. One hominid model; Australopithecus Sensu Lato, has been documented as a chrono species of over a period of 2 million years old. During this period according to researchers, there was little significant morphological change as evident in the element preserved both at Koobi Fora and elsewhere in East Africa. Prior to 1960, most of the evidence for the evolution of man during the early Pleistocene was confined to Southern Africa. The greatest body of evidence for early hominid development has been obtained from the large site in Northern Kenya.
Parque Nacional do Lago Turkana
Uma série de 4 valores foi emitida pelo Quênia em 1982, sobre a origem do gênero humano: Origins of Mankind (origens do gênero humano), com crânios pré-históricos, encontrados no Lago Turkana e no Lago Vitória. Yvert: 212/215. Scott: 212/215. Os selos mostram:
Até 1994, cerca de 200 homenídios e esqueletos de animais foram encontrados, isso soma mais do que já foi encontrado durante 60 anos em outros sítios fósseis do mundo.
Na coleção há um envelope circulado de Nairóbi (Quênia) para os Estados Unidos, incomum e raro por causa da franquia com o selo (Yvert: 214) no valor facial de 3 xelins quenianos, da série abaixo, emitida em 1982, que mostra o crânio do Homo habilis e o mapa do local onde ele foi encontrado...
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Última atualização: 21/05/2009. |
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