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Primeiro Parque Nacional (1967) e segundo maior do país, com 10.567 quilômetros quadrados, está localizado no extremo nordeste de Botsuana.
Four Corners Heartland – Área de
Conservação Transfronteiriça
Botsuana, Namíbia, Zâmbia e Zimbábue
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Parques Nacionais |
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Outras Áreas de Proteção |
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Limites da Área de Conservação |
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Kazangula e Kasane
Kazangula é um porto para o Zimbábue e Kasane, está a poucos quilômetros acima do rio Chobe. O rio Chobe é um afluente do poderoso Zambesi e, quando ocorre a cheia do Zambesi todos os anos, o rio Chobe flui ao contrário. Os Marabou Storks ocupam as árvores da região. O Chobe Safari Lodge é um belo campo, com facilidades como acampamentos, chalés e também um hotel...
Foto do site: www.sabirdstamps.com (by Felicity, Abril-Maio/2005).
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O parque é dividido em 4 distintos eco-sistemas:
Desde Kasane, existe uma estrada que passa pelo aeroporto e pelo portão de Sedudu. Aqui, as pessoas pagam as entradas do parque, antes de prosseguiram na longa estrada até Ngoma.
The original inhabitants of what is now the park were the San people, otherwise known in Botsuana as the Basarwa. They were hunter-gatherers who lived by moving from one area to another in search of water, wild fruits and wild animals. The San were later joined by groups of the Basubiya people and later still, around 1911, by a group of Batawana led by Sekgoma. When the country was divided into various land tenure systems, late last century and early this century, the larger part of the area that is now the national park was classified as crown land. In 1931 the idea of creating a national park in the area was first mooted, in order to protect the wildlife from extinction and to attract visitors. In 1932, an area of some 24,000 square kilometres in the Chobe district was declared a non-hunting area and the following year, the protected area was increased to 31.600 quilômetros quadrados. However, heavy tsetse fly infestations resulted in the whole idea lapsing in 1943.
Em 1957, a idéia do parque nacional foi raised again when an area of about 21.000 quilômetros quadrados was proposed as uma reserva e eventualmente uma reduzida área foi gazetted em 1960 como Chobe Game Reserve. Mais tarde, em 1967, a reserva foi declarada um parque nacional - o primeiro de Botsuana. There was a large settlement, based on the timber industry, at Serondela, some remains of which can still be seen today. This settlement was gradually moved out and the Chobe National Park was finally empty of human occupation em 1975. Em 1980, novamente em 1987, the boundaries were altered, increasing the park to its present size.
A major feature of Chobe National Park is its elephant population. First of all, the Chobe elephant comprise part of what is probably the largest surviving continuous elephant population. This population covers most of northern Botswana plus northwestern Zimbabwe. The Botswana's elephant population is currently estimated at around 120,000. This elephant population has built up steadily from a few thousand since the early 1900s and has escaped the massive illegal offtake that has decimated other populations in the 1970s and 1980s. The Chobe elephant are migratory, making seasonal movements of up to 200 kilometres from the Chobe and Linyanti rivers, where they concentrate in the dry season, to the pans in the southeast of the park, to which they disperse in the rains. The elephants, in this area have the distinction of being the largest in body size of all living elephants though the ivory is brittle and you will not see many huge tuskers among these rangy monsters.
Public camping grounds are situated within Chobe at Ihaha, Savuti and Linyanti with toilet and shower facilities available. Each of these camping grounds has its own unique character and a visit to each is recommended - however, it is once again stressed that a four-wheel drive vehicle is essential. Visitors travelling through the park should remember that this is essentially a wilderness area and, as such, no services are available between Kasane and Maun. Because of this, it is wise to carry basic safety items such as water, food, fuel, torches, extra wheels, tools, jacks and pumps. In all public camping grounds booking for campsites is essential.
Parque Nacional de Chobe, foto do site: www.sabirdstamps.com (by Felicity, Abril-Maio/2005).
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Serondela has been closed down and a new camping ground has been opened at Ihaha. Ihaha has modern facilities, an attractive reception office and is more remote in nature.
Often described as one of, if not the best, wildlife-viewing area in Africa today. Savuti boasts one of the highest concentrations of wildlife left on the African continent. Animals are present during all seasons, and at certain times of the year their numbers can be staggering. If you allow yourself adequate time here (a minimum of three to four days is recommended) you will probably see nearly all the major species: giraffe, elephant, zebra, impala, tsessebe, roan, sable, wildebeest, kudu, buffalo, waterbuck, warthog, eland and accompanying predators including lion, hyaena, jackal, bat-eared fox and possibly even cheetah and wild dog.
Savuti is famous for its predators, particularly its resident lions and spotted hyaena populations. Sometimes you will have them uncomfortably close, as both they and marauding hyaenas do wander through the campsite. Do NOT feed them. Almost certainly you will hear lion at night.
Savuti has an excellent new campsite. Lying 172 kilometres southwest of Sedudu gate, Savuti camping ground overlooks the Savuti River channel, which is currently dry. Geographically, Savuti is an area of many unknowns. One of the greatest mysteries is the Savuti Channel itself, which has over the past 100 years inexplicably dried up and recommenced its flow several times. The present dry period started in 1982.
In the furthest corner of Parque Nacional de Chobe lies the forgotten paradise of Linyanti. Secluded and uncrowded, this short strip of swampy river frontage is reminiscent of the Okavango's permanent waterways with papyrus-lined lagoons, reed-beds and a towering canopy of trees. The Linyanti Swamp covers an area of almost 900km2, to which follows the river and fills the area between the converging courses of the Kwando and Linyanti rivers. The national park only touches the river for a short section on the far eastern edge of the swamp.
The wildlife is plentifull, especially in the dry winter months when great concentrations of elephant, buffalo and zebra congregate along the river, com girafa, impala e antílope-roan being seen in the forests.
Linyanti has a small camping ground, 39 kilometres northwest of Savuti, among tall riverine trees overlooking the perennial Linyanti River. This is generally a quieter camp as it is off the main tourist circuit, but for those seeking a remote and peaceful environment, with spectacular dry season concentrations of elephant, Linyanti is the place to go. Access is rough and sandy and only reliable 4x4 vehicles should attempt this journey.
O Portão Sedudu, próximo à Kasane also gives access to a public road that passes for 54 quilômetros through the park to o Portão Ngoma. Ngoma is the entrance used by visitors from Namíbia, with the border crossing nearby. The southern entrance to the park is at Portão Mababe, along a route that connects with the Moremi Game Reserve.
O Portão Mababe is some 56 quilômetros sul de Savuti e muitos visitantes enter from Kasane, camp at Ihaha and then at Savuti, exit through Mababe and on through to Moremi - or the other way around. Apart from this circuit and the charming camp ground at Linyanti, another route within the park, which intrepid visitors take, is south from Sedudu for 68 kilometres to Noghatsaa and then across to Savuti, which is a further 140 kilometres. Roads through this area are not clearly signed at this time, so visitors should carefully plan their route before setting out and it is advisable to inform park staff of intentions to visit the Noghatsaa area.
Game viewing is at its best during the dry season, when the majority of natural pans have dried up, and it is wise to avoid the Chobe River front during the heavy rains from January to March. It is also wise to note that no fuel supplies are available within the park and visitors travelling between Kasane and Maun should ensure that they are self-contained for the entire journey. All drinking water should be boiled or chemically treated. Mosquitoes are prevalent throughout the park and visitors are strongly advised to take an anti-malarial prophylactic before, during and for four weeks from visiting the park, especially during the rainy season.
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Rio Chobe
O rio Chobe cobre 10.500 quilômetros quadrados no nordeste de Botsuana e takes its name from o rio Chobe that forms the northern boundary. O Parque Nacional de Chobe contains a wide and diverse range of habitats and is home to a large array of animals and over 450 espécies de pássaros.
O rio Chobe runs along the northern border of Parque Nacional de Chobe. It rises in the northern Angolan highlands, where it is called the Kwando (a Hambukushu name), and travels enormous distances through Kalahari sands before reaching Botsuana; here it becomes the Linyanti (a Subiya name) until it reaches Ngoma where it becomes the Chobe.
Like the Okavango and Zambezi, the Chobe's course is affected by fault lines, which are extensions of East Africa's Great Rift Valley. These three mighty rivers carry more water than all other rivers in Southern Africa.
Série emitida em 12/12/2001: “Wetlands II – Chobe River”. Desenho: Gavin Ryan, Austrália. Impresso: Joh Enschede Security Printers, Holanda. Os selos mostram: pássaro (50 thebe), búfalo (P1,75), macaco (P2,00), leão (P2,50) e elefante (P3,00). NT
Nota: Na coleção há outra série com 3 valores: “Chobe Game Reserve”, cujos selos mostram: 3c (Chobe Bush Buck), 7c (Sable Antelope) e 35c (Fishing on the Chobe River)...
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There is a close association between the Okavango, the Chobe and the Zambezi. The Okavango River is connected to the Chobe and Zambezi via the Selinda Spillway where high floods from the Okavango escape from the southern end of the Panhandle and flow into the Chobe. A current theory holds that millions of years ago the Okavango, Chobe and Upper Zambezi flowed as one huge river across the middle Kalahari, joined the Limpopo River and emptied into the Indian Ocean. Earth movements stopped this flow and caused a damming back of the river and the formation of the Linyanti Swamps.
The Chobe River first flows directly south, but at Diyei, the former capital of the Bayei people, it is caught by a rift, drops out onto a swamp and then turns north through Lake Liambezi, finally turning east and passing Kasane before joining the Zambezi at Kazungula. They flow briefly together before spilling over the deep cataract at Victoria Falls.
The Chobe twists and turns through swamps of wide reed and papyrus beds, forming hidden lagoons, which sometimes fill with water lilies. Its south bank alternates from open flood plains dotted with pans to thick woodlands. Across the river from Botswana lies the Caprivi Strip - and there the scene of grazing cattle contrasts sharply with the scenes of wild animals in the Chobe National Park.
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Última atualização: 08/05/2009. |
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